Boiler



P. P. FRAZER June 21, 1938.

BOILER Filed July 26, 1937 5 Sheets-Sheet l INVENTOR:

BY PEF/w i? f j ATTORNEY.

P. P. FRAZER June 21, 1938.

BOILER Filed July 26, 1937 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 ATTORNEY.

June 21, 1938. R p FRAZER 2,121,562

BOILER Filed JlAlly 26, 1937 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 f V- l@ x v 20 i@ ad um v y I TOR:

Z je?? ATTORNEY.

P. P. FRAZER June 21, 1938.

BOILER Filed July 26, 1957 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 INVENTOR:

EP/Wf/ BY M ATTORNEY.

June 21, 1938.

P. P. FRAZER BOILER Filed July 26, 1937 5 sheets-sheet 5 INVENTOR.

mfg-f@ V ATTORNEY.

Patented June 21, 1938 PATENT OFFCE BOILER Pinkney P. Frazer, Memphis, Tenn., assigner of one-half to Oliver E. Frazer, Hermondale, Mo.

Application July 26, 1937, Serial No. 155,753

4 Claims.

The present invention relates to boilers and pertains particularly to boilers of the water tube type.

The object of the present invention is to provide a compact water tube boiler with means to increase circulation of water and steam through the tubes when the tubes are heated.

Other objects of the invention are to provide a structure aforementioned which will be compara'- tively simple in construction, strong, durable, very highly eflicient and reliable in use, compact, and, which may be manufactured at a reasonable cost.

All of the foregoing and still further objects of the invention will become apparent from a study of the following specification, taken in connectionwith the accompanying drawings, wherein like characters of reference denote similar parts throughout the several views, and wherein:

Fig. l is a side elevation of a boiler embodying the features of my invention, the side thereof being removed to show the interior parts, or water tube unit.

Fig. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of a water tube unit, or heat transfer device, in which is shown a manifold and tubes constructed in accordance with my invention, and the same being shown as connected with the reservoir.

Fig. 3 is a rear elevation of the invention show ing portions thereof as broken away.

Fig. 4 is a front elevation of the boiler, the iront wall of the jacket being removed vto show the manifolds, which support the watertubes.

Fig. 5 is a view partly'in side elevationand partly in section of one of the manifolds.

Fig. 6 is a rear elevation of the manifold.

Fig. '7 is a cross-sectional view of one of the tubes and its dividing strip.

Fig. 8 is a fragmentary view in perspective of one of the tube divi-ding strips.

Briefly, in carrying out the invention,vI employ one, or a battery of water tube units, or sections, a casing, open at its bottom, including an insulated jacket, a reservoir serving with the jacket to form the rear wall of the casing, the interior disposed manifolds, a series of vertically spaced f horizontally disposed tubes and a metal strip like element for dividing each tube longitudinally into a ow passage and a return passage.

More specically, this embodiment of the invention comprises one, or a battery of suitably connected manifolds I. Each manifold is vertically disposed and is provided with a plurality of vertically spaced shelves 2 integral with and projecting rearwardly therefrom a suitable dis- I5 tance toward the rear wall of each manifold employed to provide a plurality of vertically spaced pockets, or chambers 3.

Each manifold I is provided with a suitabley inlet opening 4, at its lower end, which is in com- 10 munication with the lowermost manifold pocket 3, and a suitable outlet opening 5 in communication with the uppermost manifold pocket 3. When the units are arranged in battery formation, that is connected in side by side relation as shown in Fig. 4, `the lower pockets 3 of adjacent units are all connected through suitable passages 6 and the upper pockets 3 are connected through suitable passages 'l as will be understood from Fig. 6. The end manifolds are each provided with suitable apertured ears 8, at the upper and lower en-ds thereof, and they are connected by suitable tie-rods 9. Nipple connections I0 serve to provide proper connection between adjacent units. The rear wall of each manifold is provided with a series of vertically spaced screw .threaded openings Il opposite the free ends of the manifold shelves 3.

A plurality of vertically spaced, horizontally disposed, preferably, although 'not necessarily, 30 copper tubes I 2 have connection, at one en-d, with the rear wall of each through screw threaded connection with the manifold openings lI. The tubes I2 are of any desired length and diameter and their opposite ends are each provided with suitable, preferably screw-threaded cap closures I3.

Associated with each tube I 2, and' each mani- Y fol-d shelf, is a tube dividing element I4. The element I4 is in the form of a flat strip-like metal 40 member, preferably of copper, having a width equal to the interior diameter of the tube I2 and of a length extending from the manifold shelf to a suitable point short of the capped end of the tube, so as to provide a communicating space I5 45 at the capped end of the tube connecting a ow `passage I6 formed in the lower half of the tube below the strip I4 and a return passage I'I formed in the upper half of the tube above the strip Ill. The ow and return passages, it will be apparent are semi-spherical in cross-section, while thev communicating space I5 therefor is cylindrical. The stripsv I 1l for the tubes I2 are supporte-d 'at their forward ends by the manifold shelves and in one embodiment thereof, the forward ends of the strips are provided with a suitable socket I8 so that the strips can be slipped on the shelf sulciently secure to prevent longitudinal and rotary displacement of the strips relative to the tubes into which they project to divide the tube into the flow and return passages above described. The manifolds, tubes and the metal dividing strips are preferably made from high heat conducting materials.

A suitable vertically disposed reservoir I9 is arranged adjacent the capped end of the tubesV I2 and supported by means of suitable legs 20. The reservoir I9 is connected with the battery of manifolds I by means of a pair of flow pipes 2|, which connect the lower end of the reservoir with the lower end of the two outer manifolds, and the manifolds I are connected with the reservoir I9 by means of a pair of return pipes 21', which connect the upper ends of the manifolds l with the upper end of the reservoir, thus permitting a circulation of liquid, as indicated by the arrows. The reservoir is provided with a suitable liquid inlet 22. The reservoir is further provided with a plurality of suitable steam, water or vapor outlets 23 leading from the top thereof to a suitable steam drum 24 which is provided with a suitable outlet 25.

A suitable insulated jacket, including the side walls 26, the front wall 2l, the rear wall 28 below the reservoir, and a top wall 29 serves with the reservoir to form acasing to house the'tube units, or sections, with the reservoir serving to form the major portion of the rear wall thereof, The manifolds I are shown as supported by means of suitable legs 30.

The interior of the casing serves besides housing the tube units, as a combustion chamber 3l which is heated by means of suitable fuel burners 32, one below each tube unit, or section.

A boiler of the character herein described does not Yrequire excessive draft and the means employed to permit the necessary draft is in the nature of a draft hood or diverter designated 33, associated with a nue 34 in the top wall of the insulated jacket.

The water tube units, or sections, hereinbefore mentioned, are so shaped as is readily apparent, to present a maximum area of heating surface and to provide interconnected horizontal and vertically disposed heat travel within the combustion chamber.V

Another important feature contributing to the high efficiency of the boiler herein described, includes the horizontally disposed U-shaped liquid flow and return passages within the tubes and manifold pockets, providing rapid liquid vcirculation to present a very high percentage of heating surface within the combustion chamber and permitting a large steam liberating area in the reservoir, when used for steam heating purposes.

It will be observed that the l-owermost pockets in the manifolds communicate with flow passages of the lowermost tubes only, that the uppermost manifold pockets communicate with the return flow passage of the uppermost tubes only, and, that all of the intermediate manifold pockets are common to a flow and a return flow passage, with the flow passages communicating with the upper end of eachrintermediate pocket and the return passages communicating with the lower end of each pocket.

From Athe foregoing description, it is apparent that by having a flow passage and return'passage within a single tubular heat transfer element, there is provided an increased flow contact area within the element or tube, augmenting thermal transfer, and increasing thermal activity in the heat absorbing liquid passing in a horizontal U-shaped course through the single tubular heat transfer element.

The many advantages of the herein described water tube units or sections, which can be used as a condenser, as well as a heat exchange, and the boiler as a whole, will readily present themselves to those skilled in the art to which the invention relates.

From the foregoing description, it is evident that a simple device for this purpose has been disclosed, but it is to be understood that I do not desire to restrict, or limit myself to the very details of the construction shown and described, which is merely illustrative, it being obvious that changes, not involving the exercise of invention, may be made without conflicting or departing from the spirit of the invention within the scope of the appended claims.

What I claim is:-

1. A boiler having, in combination, a casing,

a reservoir having a liquid inlet forming vone wall of the casing, a vertically disposed manifold within the casing adjacent the opposite'wall of the casing, a plurality of horizontally disposed vertically aligned metal water tubes connected-to and projecting from said manifold toward the reservoir, closures for the free ends of'said'tubes, shelves formed interiorly of the manifold, sheet metal strips of the Width of the interior diameter of the tubes connected at one end to said shelves and dividing each tube into two liquid passages connected adjacent the closures on said tubes, and together with the shelves dividing the manifold into a plurality of vertically aligned water chambers, a tubular connection between `the lower end of the reservoir and the lower end of the manifold, and a tubular connection between the upper end of the manifold and the upper end of the reservoir, and a steam or hotwater outlet at the upper end of the reservoir.

2. In a water tube boiler, the combination of a vertically disposed reservoir, a plurality of lVertically disposed manifolds arranged in side by side connected relation, a plurality of vertically vspaced horizontally disposed water tubes consaid strip like members dividing the tubes to provide a lower ow passage for leach tube `leading from the manifolds and a return flow passage from the free end of each tube back to the manifolds, a detachable cap for the free end of each tube, a pair of flow pipes leading from the lower end of the reservoir to the lower ends of the'two outer manifolds, a return 'ow pipe leading from the upper ends of the two outer manifolds to the upper end of the reservoir, a liquid inlet to the bottom of the reservoir and a steam', vapor or water outlet at the upper end of the reservoir.

3. In a boiler structure, a reservoir having a liquid inlet and a steam or liquid outlet, a series of vertically disposed side by side connected manifolds, vertically spaced shelves within each manifold, horizontally disposed tubes connected at one end to the manifold adjacent the shelves,

elements clamped at one end to the manifold shelves and projecting into the tubes a distance short of the closures to provide a lower flow passage and an upper return flow passage in each tube connected adjacent the closures, a casing, and said reservoir forming the rear wall of the casing, water feed connections between the lower end of the reservoir and the lower ends of the two outermost manifolds, and return connections between the upper ends of said two outermost manifolds and the upper end of said reservoir.

4. A boiler structure including an open bottom casing, said casing comprising front, top and side walls and a reservoir having an inlet at its loWer end and an outlet at its upper end forming the back of the casing, a plurality of series connected water tube units disposed within the casing, said units each consisting of a vertically disposed manifold positioned adjacent the front wall of the casing, return flow means connected to each manifold, and said means including horizontally disposed vertically spaced tubes closed at one end and connected at their opposite ends to each manifold, vertically spaced shelves within each manifold, flat metal strips secured at the forward ends to said shelves and projecting into the tubes a distance short of the closed ends thereof to provide a lower flow passage and a return flow passage within each tube, said passages being semi-circular in shape, feed flow connections from the reservoir with the lower end of the two outermost manifolds, and return flow connections from the upper end of the two outermost manifolds with the upper end of the reservoir.

PINKNEY P. FRAZER. 

